CBI - China: Day 119 of 154 of the Japanese Invasion of Manchuria.
1933 — , January 14
CBI - China: Day 14 of 142 of the 1st Battle of Hebei.
1937 — , January 14
Spain: Day 182 of 985 of the Spanish Civil War.
1938 — , January 14
Spain: Day 547 of 985 of the Spanish Civil War.
CBI - China: Day 192 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
Day 37 of 54 of the Battle of Nanking.
Day 33 of 50 of the Rape of Nanking.
1939 — , January 14
Spain: Day 912 of 985 of the Spanish Civil War.
CBI - China: Day 557 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
1940 — , January 14
Finland: Day 46 of 105 of the Russo-Finnish War.
CBI - China: Day 922 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
Day 61 of 381 of the Battle of South Guangxi.
1941 — , January 14
ETO - UK: Day 131 of 258 of the Blitz.
MTO - North Africa: Day 37 of 63 of the UK's Operation COMPASS, their campaign in North Africa against the Italians in Egypt and Libya.
East Africa: Day 219 of 537 of Italy's East African campaign in the lands south of Egypt.
CBI - China: Day 1,288 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
CBI - Thailand: Day 106 of 221 of the Franco-Thai War (Vichy France vs Thailand).
1942 — , January 14
Canada: A 100-mile security zone along the coast of British Columbia is designated as a "protected area." All males of Japanese ancestry ("Nikkei") between 18 and 45, including Canadian citizens, are ordered to vacate that zone. Some 23,000 men are sent to forced labor camps, building roads in the interior. Women and children Nikkei are relocated to six inner British Columbia towns.
Spotlight...
Relocation of Japanese-Canadians to camps in the interior of British Columbia
One of the more shameful acts of WWII was the forced relocation of 120,000 Americans of Japanese heritage to one of ten internment camps. But Canada enacted a similar order a full month before US President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. Nearly 23,000 Canadians of Japanese descent were sent to camps in British Columbia, the greatest mass movement in the history of Canada.
Though families were generally kept together in the United States, Canada sent male evacuees to work in road camps or on sugar beet projects. Women and children Nikkei were forced to move to six inner British Columbia towns.
Formal apologies were not issued by the government of Canada to Japanese Canadian survivors until 1988, when each was repaid the sum of $21,000 Canadian dollars.
Dates related to civilian internment...
12 May 40: UK begins internment of German civilians
14 Jan 42: Japanese-Canadians ordered to vacate BC
14 Jan 42: FDR orders all aliens to register with government
USA:President Roosevelt orders that all aliens are to register with the government. This is the beginning of a plan to move Japanese-Americans into internment camps.
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Dates related to civilian internment...
12 May 40: UK begins internment of German civilians
14 Jan 42: Japanese-Canadians ordered to vacate BC
14 Jan 42: FDR orders all aliens to register with government
USA: At the so-called Arcadia Conference in Washington DC, President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill agree to concentrate the Allied war effort on the European theater.
Atlantic: Day 1 of 169 of Germany's Second "Happy Time," during which U-boats will sink 609 Allied ships with little risk. Roughly one quarter of all Allied shipping sunk by U-boats during the entire war will occur in the next 169 days.
Spotlight...
The US tanker DIXIE ARROW, torpedoed off Cape Hatteras by U-71 on 26 Mar 42 during the height of the Second Happy Time
The Second Happy Time was also known among German U-boat commanders as the American shooting season. It involved several waves of attack during their Operations DRUMBEAT and NEULAND.
American defense measures were weak and disorganized at this time. The British recommended that merchant ships should avoid obvious standard routings wherever possible; navigational markers, lighthouses, and other aids to the enemy should be removed, and a strict coastal blackout be enforced. In addition, any available air and sea forces should perform daylight patrols to restrict the U-boats' flexibility.
None of the recommendations were followed for several months. Coastal shipping continued to sail along marked routes and burn normal navigation lights. Boardwalk communities ashore were only 'requested' to 'consider' turning their illuminations off on 18 Dec 41, but not in the cities; they did not want to offend the tourism, recreation and business sectors.
The standard German Type VII U-boat had insufficient range to patrol off the coast of North America. The only suitable weapons the Kriegsmarine had on hand were the larger Type IX boats. Fewer in number, they were less maneuverable and slower to submerge, making them much more vulnerable to attack.
Only six of the twenty operational Type IX boats were available, and one of those six encountered mechanical trouble. This left just five long-range submarines for the opening moves of the campaign.
The First "Happy Time" was a phase of the Battle of the Atlantic during which German Navy U-boats enjoyed significant success against the British Royal Navy and its allies (which did not include the USA) in the North Atlantic and North Sea. It started in July 1940 and ended some time between October 1940 and April 1941, depending on sources.
Related dates...
14 Jan 42: Day 1 of 169 of Germany's Second "Happy Time"
13 Apr 42: First U-boat is sunk by a US warship off Carolina coast
Related WWII Store items...
Operation Drumbeat: Germany's First U-Boat Attacks Along the American Coast in WWII
War Zone World War II Off the North Carolina Coast
Russian Front - North: Day 129 of 872 of the Siege of Leningrad.
Russian Front - North: Day 6 of 29 of the Battle of Toropets, Russia. A failed attempt to break the siege at Leningrad.
Russian Front - Center: Day 7 of 103 of the Battle of Vyazma, Russia.
Russian Front - Center: Day 7 of 103 of the Battle of Sychevsk, Russia.
Russian Front - South: Day 77 of 248 of the Siege of Sevastopol, Crimean Peninsula. All further German attacks against the Crimean fortress of Sevastopol are stopped for the winter.
CBI - Burma: Day 32 of 164 of Japan's Invasion of Burma.
CBI - China: Day 1,653 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
Day 22 of 99 of the 3rd Battle of Changsha.
CBI - Malaya: Day 38 of 55 of the Battle of British Malaya.
PTO - Borneo: Day 30 of 107 of the Battle of Borneo.
PTO - Philippines: Day 38 of 152 of the 1st Battle of the Philippines. The Japanese launch an attack against the US-Filipino 1st Corps positions on the western side of Bataan.
1943 — , January 14
MTO: The Casablanca Conference in Morocco between Churchill and Roosevelt begins. They plan the Italian Campaign and the cross-channel invasion for 1944 and declare that the war can only end with the unconditional surrender of the Axis.
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Related dates (Major Allied Conferences)...
09 Aug 41: Atlantic Conference in Newfoundland; Discuss Soviet aid
14 Jan 43: Casablanca Conference; Ultimatum for unconditional surrender
22 Nov 43: 1st Cairo Conference; Declaration for postwar Asia
28 Nov 43: Teheran Conference; First meeting of the Big 3
05 Dec 43: 2nd Cairo Conference; Ike picked as Supreme Allied Commander
30 Jan 45: Malta Conference; FDR, Churchill prepare for Yalta Conference
03 Feb 45: Yalta Conference; Final plans for defeat of Germany
17 Jul 45: Potsdam Conference; Plans laid out for postwar Germany
ETO - Belgium: US 8th Air Force: Flying Spitfires, the 4th Fighter Group carry out three Rhubarb missions and engage FW-190s west of Ostend.
Russian Front - North: Day 494 of 872 of the Siege of Leningrad.
Russian Front - North: Day 57 of 59 of the Battle of Velikiye Luki, near Leningrad. This stalemate does help ease the siege a little, but mostly it keeps German troops from being sent to other fronts.
Russian Front - North: Day 3 of 19 of USSR's Operation ISKRA (Operation SPARK) on the southern shore of Lake Ladoga, north of Leningrad. This Soviet victory will help ease the siege at Leningrad a little bit more.
Russian Front - North: Day 255 of 658 of the Siege of the Kholm Pocket, USSR lays siege to the Kholm Pocket but the Germans hold out for a about a year and a half.
Russian Front - South: Day 146 of 165 of the Battle of Stalingrad, bloodiest battle in human history.
Russian Front - South: Day 34 of 69 of the USSR's Operation LITTLE SATURN. A successful drive into the Northern Caucasus and the Donets Basin pushing the Axis troops out.
MTO - Libya: RAF and US Air Forces provide air support.
MTO - Tunisia: Day 59 of 178 of the Battle of Tunisia. RAF and US Air Forces provide Allied air support.
CBI - Burma: Day 25 of 104 of the 1st Battle of Arakan. US 10th Air Force provides air support.
CBI - China: Day 2,018 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
PTO - Alaska: Day 222 of 435 of the Battle of Kiska, Aleutian Islands.
PTO - Malaya: Day 330 of 357 of the Battle of Timor Island, a long guerrilla war ending in Japanese victory.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 57 of 66 of the Battle of Buna-Gona. 5th Air Force provides air support.
PTO - Solomon Islands: Day 161 of 187 of the Battle of Guadalcanal. US 13th Air Force provides air support.
1944 — , January 14
USA: Eligibility for the draft is restored for Japanese-American Nisei, causing mixed reactions in internment camps.
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Related dates (Japanese-American Nisei)...
17 Jun 42: Army advised to discontinue recruitment of Nisei
14 Jan 44: Draft restored for Japanese-American Nisei
15 Jul 44: Japanese-American Staff Sergeant killed in Italy
21 Apr 45: Nisei Daniel Inouye loses his right arm in battle
Related WWII Store items (Nisei)...
Nisei Linguists: Japanese Americans in the Military Intelligence Service During World War II
ETO - Germany: Day 58 of 135 of the Battle of Berlin (RAF bombing campaign). A major raid is made on Brunswick, the first of the war, by 496 Lancasters and two Halifaxes. 38 Lancasters are lost to effective night fighter attacks. 11 of the lost aircraft are Pathfinders, so the targeting of the city is poor. German authorities report only 10 houses destroyed and 14 people killed in Brunswick. 82 aircraft attack flying bomb sites at Ailly, Bonneton and Bristillerie without loss.
ETO - France: US 8th Air Force B-17s and B-24s hit V-weapon sites in the Pas de Calais area.
Russian Front - North: Day 859 of 872 of the Siege of Leningrad.
Russian Front - North: Day 620 of 658 of the Siege of the Kholm Pocket. USSR lays siege to the Kholm Pocket but the Germans hold out for a about a year and a half.
Russian Front - North: Day 1 of 48 of the Battle toward the Narva River, Estonia. This drive helps lift the Leningrad siege and liberate Narva.
Russian Front - North: Day 1 of 17 of the Battle of Krasnoye Selo-Ropsha, Russia (Operation JANUARY THUNDER). This victory will push the German line west of Leningrad back far enough to reopen the Moscow-Leningrad railroad.
Russian Front - North: Day 1 of 33 of the Battle of Luga, Russia. This town west of Leningrad will open the door toward Estonia.
Russian Front - South: Day 22 of 113 of the USSR's Dnieper-Carpathian Offensive in southwestern Ukraine.
Russian Front - South: Day 22 of 22 of the Battle of Zhitomir, Russia. The Soviets have made a 70 mile gap in the German line.
Russian Front - South: Day 10 of 12 of the Battle of Kirograd, Ukraine.
MTO - Yugoslavia: US 12th Air Force B-24s and B-17s attack at Mostar.
MTO - Italy: US 5th Army reaches the Monte Trocchio area. RAF and US Air Forces provides air support for the Allied ground troops.
CBI - Burma: Day 16 of 99 of the 2nd Battle of Arakan.
CBI - China: Day 2,383 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
US 14th Air Force hits targets in China and French Indochina.
PTO - Marshall Islands: US 7th Air Force attacks several areas in the Marshall Islands and hit vessels found off the Gilbert Islands.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 118 of 219 of the Battle of Shaggy Ridge. 5th Air Force provides air support.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 115 of 162 of the Battle of the Huon Peninsula. 5th Air Force provides air support.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 31 of 597 of the Battle of New Britain. US 13th Air Force provides air support.
PTO - Solomon Islands: Day 75 of 295 of the Battle of the Bougainville Islands.
1945 — , January 14
ETO - France: Day 167 of 284 of the Battle of Brittany.
ETO - France: Day 122 of 236 of the Siege of Dunkirk.
ETO - Belgium: Day 30 of 41 of the Battle of the Bulge. US 9th Air Force provides air support.
ETO - Belgium: Day 15 of 26 of Operation NORDWIND, the last major German offensive of World War II on the Western Front.
ETO - Germany: Day 118 of 145 of the Battle of Hürtgen Forest.
ETO - Germany: US 8th Air Force heavy bombers attack targets in central Germany.
Russian Front - Finland: Day 122 of 223 of the Lapland War. Finland and Russia have joined forces to kick the Germans out of Finland's most northern province.
Russian Front - Center: Day 92 of 206 of the Battle of the Courland Pocket in Latvia.
Russian Front - Center: Day 85 of 99 of the Siege of Memel, a border town of Lithuania and East Prussia.
Russian Front - Center: Day 3 of 23 of the Battle along the Vistula and Oder Rivers in central Poland and eastern Germany. This will put the Soviets in position to kick off their drive to Berlin.
Russian Front - Center: Day 1 of 21 of the Battle of Warsaw, Poland.
Russian Front - South: Day 78 of 108 of the Battle of Budapest, Hungary.
MTO - Italy: US and Royal Air Forces provides air support for the Allied ground units.
CBI: US 20th Air Force B-29s bomb at Kagi, Formosa, and at Hengyang, China.
CBI - Burma: Day 289 of 302 of the Chinese Salween Offensive. The British 19th Indian Division crosses the river Irrawaddy, to the north of Mandalay. US 10th Air Force provides air support.
CBI - China: Day 2,749 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
US 14th Air Force strikes targets inside China.
PTO - Japan: US 20th Air Force B-29s bomb the Mitsubishi aircraft plant at Nagoya.
PTO - Japan: US 7th Air Force B-24s bomb the airfields on Iwo Jima during the day.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 384 of 597 of the Battle of New Britain.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 268 of 481 of the Battle of Western New Guinea.
PTO - Philippines: Day 87 of 299 of the 2nd Battle of the Philippines, aka the Liberation of the Philippines or the Philippines Campaign.
PTO - Philippines: Day 31 of 244 of the Battle of Luzon. 5th Air Force provides air support.
Day-By-Day listings for January 14 were last modified on Thursday, January 28, 2016
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