CBI - China: Day 66 of 154 of the Japanese Invasion of Manchuria.
1936 — , November 22
Spain: Day 129 of 985 of the Spanish Civil War.
1937 — , November 22
Spain: Day 494 of 985 of the Spanish Civil War.
CBI - China: Day 139 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
Day 102 of 106 of the 2nd Battle of Shanghai.
1938 — , November 22
Spain: Day 859 of 985 of the Spanish Civil War.
CBI - China: Day 504 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
Day 42 of 81 of Japan's Operation GUANGDONG.
1939 — , November 22
London: One of the first batches of German magnetic parachute mines are dropped into the Thames Estuary, one landing unexploded onto a muddy bank.
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German luftmine or parachute mine
Hitler boasted of a "secret weapon" which would sink British ships and leave them guessing. The magnetic mine, as distinct from the more familiar floating contact mine (the one with the spikes, familiar from the movies), would lie in wait on the sea floor. A ship passing tens of meters above (unless "degaussed") would distort the normal magnetic field of the Earth enough to trigger the mine.
Magnetic mines laid by Germany in 1939 virtually brought infested ports to a standstill until sweeping techniques were developed.
Related dates...
22 Nov 39: Unexploded parachute mine drops into the Thames
23 Nov 39: Unexploded parachute mine dropped into the Thames is defused
CBI - China: Day 869 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
Day 8 of 381 of the Battle of South Guangxi.
1940 — , November 22
ETO - UK: Day 78 of 258 of the Blitz.
East Africa: Day 166 of 537 of Italy's East African campaign in the lands south of Egypt.
CBI - China: Day 1,235 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
Day 373 of 381 of the Battle of South Guangxi.
CBI - Thailand: Day 53 of 221 of the Franco-Thai War (Vichy France vs Thailand).
1941 — , November 22
Atlantic: All operational U-boats are ordered to proceed to the Mediterranean or its approach.
Russian Front - Finland: Day 154 of 164 of the Battle of Hanko. The Soviets will be forced off their leased naval base.
Russian Front: Day 154 of 167 of Germany's Operation BARBAROSSA.
Russian Front - North: Day 76 of 872 of the Siege of Leningrad.
Russian Front - Center: Day 52 of 98 of the Battle of Moscow.
Russian Front - South: Day 24 of 248 of the Siege of Sevastopol, Crimean Peninsula. The German 3rd Panzer Korps captures Rostov-on-Don in southern Russia.
MTO - Libya: Day 227 of 256 of the Siege of Tobruk. The British are forced to stop advancing toward Tobruk, while other British units do capture Sidi Omar and Capuzzo. A confused battle still continues around Sidi Rezegh, Egypt.
East Africa: Day 531 of 537 of Italy's East African campaign in the lands south of Egypt.
CBI - China: Day 1,600 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
1942 — , November 22
ETO - France: US 8th Air Force B-17s and B-24s hit the Keroma U-boat pens at Lorient.
Russian Front - North: Day 441 of 872 of the Siege of Leningrad.
Russian Front - North: Day 4 of 59 of the Battle of Velikiye Luki, near Leningrad. This stalemate does help ease the siege a little, but mostly it keeps German troops from being sent to other fronts.
Russian Front - North: Day 202 of 658 of the Siege of the Kholm Pocket, USSR lays siege to the Kholm Pocket but the Germans hold out for a about a year and a half.
Russian Front - South: Day 148 of 150 of Germany's CASE BLUE, the failed offensive to take the Caucasus oil fields.
Russian Front - South: Day 93 of 165 of the Battle of Stalingrad, bloodiest battle in human history.
Russian Front - South: Day 4 of 5 of the USSR's Operation URANUS.
MTO - Tunisia: Day 6 of 178 of the Battle of Tunisia. US 12th Air Force provides air support.
MTO - Libya: US 9th and 12th Air Forces provide air support.
CBI - China: Day 1,965 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
PTO - Alaska: Day 169 of 435 of the Battle of Kiska, Aleutian Islands. The US and Canada will defeat the Japanese invaders.
PTO - Malaya: Day 277 of 357 of the Battle of Timor Island, a long guerrilla war ending in Japanese victory.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 4 of 66 of the Battle of Buna-Gona.
PTO - Solomon Islands: Day 108 of 187 of the Battle of Guadalcanal.
1943 — , November 22
MTO: First Cairo Conference between Churchill, Roosevelt and Chiang Kai-Shek begins.
Spotlight...
Chiang Kai-Shek, Franklin D Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill at the Cairo Conference, 25 Nov 43
The Cairo Conference (code-named Sextant) of November 22-26, 1943, held in Cairo, Egypt, outlined the Allied position against Japan during World War II and made decisions about postwar Asia.
The meeting was attended by President of the United States Franklin Roosevelt, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Winston Churchill, and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek of the Republic of China. Soviet leader Joseph Stalin did not attend the conference because Chiang was attending, which could cause friction between the Soviet Union and Japan (In 1943 the Soviet Union was not at war with Japan, whereas China, the UK and the US were).
The Cairo Declaration was issued on 27 November 1943 and released in a Cairo Communiquß through radio on 1 December 1943, stating the Allies' intentions to continue deploying military force until Japan's unconditional surrender. The three main clauses of the Cairo Declaration are that "Japan be stripped of all the islands in the Pacific which she has seized or occupied since the beginning of the First World War in 1914", "all the territories Japan has stolen from the Chinese, such as Manchuria, Formosa, and the Pescadores, shall be restored to the Republic of China", and that "in due course Korea shall become free and independent."
Roosevelt hoped to prevent the British and the Russians from using postwar instability to increase their presence in Asia, and he advocated for Indochina to be established as a trusteeship instead of being returned to France after the Japanese defeat. To secure this future, he sought a commitment from Chiang Kai-Shek that China would not try to expand across the continent or control decolonizing nations, and in return, he offered a guarantee that the territories stolen from China by Japan - including Manchuria, the island of Formosa (Taiwan) and the Pescadores Islands - would be returned to Chinese sovereignty. Roosevelt also sought and gained Chiang's support for his proposal to create a trusteeship for the colonial territories after the war. In the end, this idea failed to gain the support of the British or French and was not enacted.
When the Second World War ended, Chiang Kai-Shek, who had opposed communism since 1928 but was forced to work with the Chinese Communists when Japan invaded China, led the Nationalist Government in a civil war against the Communists led by Mao Tse-tung - and lost. The Nationalists were forced from China to Formosa (Taiwan), where Chiang Kai-Shek became President. Thus, many of the decisions of the Cairo Conference were never enacted.
Related dates (Major Allied Conferences)...
09 Aug 41: Atlantic Conference in Newfoundland; Discuss Soviet aid
14 Jan 43: Casablanca Conference; Ultimatum for unconditional surrender
22 Nov 43: 1st Cairo Conference; Declaration for postwar Asia
28 Nov 43: Teheran Conference; First meeting of the Big 3
05 Dec 43: 2nd Cairo Conference; Ike picked as Supreme Allied Commander
30 Jan 45: Malta Conference; FDR, Churchill prepare for Yalta Conference
03 Feb 45: Yalta Conference; Final plans for defeat of Germany
17 Jul 45: Potsdam Conference; Plans laid out for postwar Germany
ETO - Germany: Day 5 of 135 of the Battle of Berlin (RAF bombing campaign). The RAF gives Berlin the worst pounding of the war, with more than 2,300 tons of bombs dropped in less than 30 minutes. RAF loses 26 of 764 aircraft - 3.4% of the force.
Russian Front - North: Day 806 of 872 of the Siege of Leningrad.
Russian Front - North: Day 567 of 658 of the Siege of the Kholm Pocket. USSR lays siege to the Kholm Pocket but the Germans hold out for a about a year and a half.
Russian Front - South: Day 91 of 122 of the Battle of the Lower Dnieper River, USSR.
MTO - Greece: German troops complete the occupation of the islands of the Dodecanese in the eastern Mediterranean.
MTO - Italy: The US and Royal Air Forces provides air support.
CBI - China: Day 2,330 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
Day 21 of 49 of the Battle of West Changde.
PTO - Gilbert Islands: Day 3 of 4 of the Battle of Tarawa.
PTO - Gilbert Islands: Day 3 of 5 of the Battle of Makin.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 65 of 219 of the Battle of Shaggy Ridge.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 62 of 162 of the Battle of the Huon Peninsula.
PTO - Solomon Islands: Day 22 of 295 of the Battle of the Bougainville Islands.
1944 — , November 22
ETO - France: Day 114 of 284 of the Battle of Brittany.
ETO - France: Day 69 of 236 of the Siege of Dunkirk.
ETO - France: The fighting at Metz is over but seven forts still hold out.
ETO - Germany: Day 65 of 145 of the Battle of Hürtgen Forest.
ETO - Germany: The RAF makes a second breach in the Dortmund-Ems Canal.
Russian Front - Finland: Day 69 of 223 of the Lapland War. Finland and Russia have joined forces to kick the Germans out of Finland's most northern province.
Russian Front - Center: Day 39 of 206 of the Battle of the Courland Pocket in Latvia.
Russian Front - Center: Day 32 of 99 of the Siege of Memel, a border town of Lithuania and East Prussia.
Russian Front - Center: Day 70 of 72 of the Battle into East Prussia and northern Poland.
Russian Front - South: Day 25 of 108 of the Battle of Budapest, Hungary.
Russian Front - South: Day 70 of 72 of the Battle of Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
MTO - Germany: US 15th Air Force B-17s and B-24s bomb Munich and Regensburg.
MTO - Italy: US and Royal Air Forces provides air support for the Allied ground units.
CBI - Burma: Day 236 of 302 of the Chinese Salween Offensive.
CBI - Burma: Day 9 of 31 of the Battle of Bhamo.
CBI - China: Day 2,696 of 2,987 of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War.
Day 220 of 259 of Japan's Operation ICHI-GO.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 331 of 597 of the Battle of New Britain.
PTO - New Guinea: Day 215 of 481 of the Battle of Western New Guinea.
PTO - Palau Islands: Day 69 of 74 of the Battle of Peleliu (Operation STALEMATE II).
PTO - Philippines: Day 34 of 299 of the 2nd Battle of the Philippines, aka the Liberation of the Philippines or the Philippines Campaign.
PTO - Philippines: Day 34 of 73 of the Battle of Leyte.
PTO - Philippines: Day 12 of 41 of the Naval Battle of Ormoc Bay.
1945 — , November 22
USA: The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, suspended since 1942 in support of the war's need for rubber and helium, is resumed. Over 2 million overjoyed New Yorkers turn out for the event.
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26 Nov 42: Macy's Parade is suspended for the duration of the war
25 Nov 43: Macy's Parade is canceled for a second year
23 Nov 44: Macy's Parade is canceled for a third year
22 Nov 45: War has ended, Macy's Parade is resumed
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Day-By-Day listings for November 22 were last modified on Wednesday, January 27, 2016
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